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Signal-contingent experience sampling method (ESM) is often considered the most effective option for facilitating behavioral change because it involves prompting individuals to report specific experiences or behaviors at predetermined times or triggers. This approach allows for real-time data collection, which can capture behaviors and feelings as they occur, rather than relying on memory or retrospective accounts.

By utilizing cues or signals—such as timers or notifications—individuals are encouraged to consistently reflect on their behaviors and thoughts throughout their daily routines. This immediate reflection enhances awareness and consciousness regarding habits, making it easier for individuals to identify patterns and areas for improvement.

The effectiveness of the signal-contingent method is rooted in its ability to minimize recall bias, which is a common issue with other methods like event-contingent or memory recall approaches. Both of those depend heavily on an individual's ability to remember past events accurately, which can be influenced by a variety of factors, such as mood or the passage of time. Meanwhile, interval-contingent ESM may not offer the same level of granularity in data collection due to fixed intervals that may not align well with the participant’s actual behavior patterns.

Therefore, signal-contingent experience sampling is particularly useful in behavioral change contexts, as it fosters greater engagement and